Photorealistic Visualization: How Our Images Are Created

Photorealistic architectural visualizations often look like photographs — and that is exactly the goal. But behind every image lies a complex production process that combines technology, craftsmanship, and artistic sensibility. In this article, we take you behind the scenes and show step by step how a photorealistic rendering is created at Mirae.

Everything begins with the client's plan data. We receive floor plans, sections, elevations, and — ideally — a 3D model from ArchiCAD, Revit, SketchUp, or Rhino. The model is imported into our rendering software and checked for errors: Are all surfaces closed? Are the proportions correct? Are the layers cleanly structured? This step is the foundation for everything that follows and largely determines the efficiency of the entire process.

If no model is available, we create it from scratch. But even with provided models, detail work is necessary: window sills, baseboards, door handles, outlets, joints — all these details make the difference between a recognizable 3D model and a photorealistic image. We add architectural details that are often missing in BIM models and prepare the model for rendering.

Materials are the heart of a photorealistic visualization. We use physically correct PBR materials (Physically Based Rendering) that reflect and refract light exactly like real surfaces. For each material, we define: base color (albedo), roughness, reflectivity (metallic), normal map (surface structure), and displacement (depth relief). Where needed, we create custom materials — for specific Swiss natural stones, brick colors, or wood types.

Lighting is the single biggest factor for the realism of a visualization. We work with HDRI environments (High Dynamic Range Images) that simulate realistic sky and lighting conditions. For interior visualizations, we additionally set up artificial light sources: ceiling lights, floor lamps, indirect lighting. The lighting follows photographic principles — we think like architectural photographers, not like technicians.

The camera perspective determines how the space is perceived. We follow the rules of architectural photography: eye height (approximately 120–140 cm), vertical lines stay vertical (no converging lines), focal length between 24 and 35mm for natural proportions. Composition follows the golden ratio or rule of thirds. All these decisions are made deliberately — because a poorly chosen perspective can make even the most beautiful building look unflattering.

The actual rendering is the most computationally intensive step. Millions of light rays are traced through the scene (path tracing) until a noise-free, high-resolution image emerges. Depending on complexity, a single image can require between 30 minutes and several hours of computation time. We render at high resolution (minimum 4000 x 2500 pixels for print quality) and in 32-bit color depth for maximum flexibility in post-production.

After rendering comes post-production — comparable to image editing in photography. We optimize contrast and color balance, add atmospheric effects (light scattering, depth of field), integrate people and vegetation, correct small inconsistencies, and create the final look. Post-production often makes the decisive difference and gives the image its emotional impact.

A photorealistic visualization is the result of technical know-how, artistic sensibility, and meticulous craftsmanship. Every single step in the process influences the quality of the final result. At Mirae, we invest in each of these steps — because we know that the difference between a good and an outstanding image lies in the details. Contact us for your next project.